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From: Don Willis
Sent: August 06, 2004
To: Bill Adler
Subject: The White Sands Era: 1956-1959

Chapter 5

My sisters, my parents and I arrived in El Paso in January, 1956, after about a month of traveling from Bordeaux. We were very tired of traveling. During that time, I missed school, and Merry, as usual, tutored me. I remember when we got to White Sands Proving Ground, as it was called in these days, and checked into temporary housing in a building facetiously called “Kings Row.” It was constructed of wood, with those gray exterior shingles found on all post WW-II army buildings. There was a small porch. It was extraordinarily dreary. It was one building, not Quonset huts as I had in France. We lived out of our suitcases for about a month and I missed my toys. There was absolutely nothing to do at night except read; lighting was awful. I made paper airplanes and glued little paper bombs on the wings, escaping the realities. Going to school was a blessing.

Then the big blizzard hit. White Sands was a desert outpost, about 50 miles (I thought) from civilization; Las Cruces, New Mexico, over the Organ Mountains pass. El Paso, to the south, was a little bit further, on what was called the war road. It was actually developed during WW II. During the blizzard, we were confined to Kings Row; no school. It was terribly drafty and very cold. We were isolated for perhaps a week. I remember that time as a period of extreme cabin fever.

Merry and Carole had to take the army bus to Las Cruces, to school. Carole was a senior, and Merry was in the 8th grade. The schools were actually run by the New Mexico educational system. My school, on base, was run by a very old (I thought at the time) man, with a very short crew cut, named John Hoover. Mr. Hoover’s widow as still alive in well in 2001.

Towards the end of February, we moved into regular temporary housing, called Wherry housing, on F Street. This was a stucco 3-bedroom house and we stayed there until April, when we moved to permanent housing, very similar, on Aerobee Street. I remember moving into the F Street house; everything smelled freshly painted. My parents had a few things to unpack that we had in France, but most of the household furnishings had been in storage since 1952. I was especially intrigued by the mahogany Everett grand piano that Madame had won in a piano music contest in Nebraska. I had my own small poster bed. In each short poster there was a spot to stick a marble in each top, which I used to do frequently. I also had my own fold-down dresser/desktop. The desktop had a fold-down to write on, and there were a few cubbyholes to stick stuff in. It was dark brown. There was a swamp cooler on the top of the house to provide a semblance of cooling in the summertime. I remember the things that came from France were in very large wooden crates, called an overseas crates; don’t know what happened to the wood. Mayflower Moving brought everything out to WSPG. Each cardboard box, government issued apparently, had a small Mayflower sticker on it, with a number. We kept some of those boxes for storage, and I remember seeing some of them made it even to El Paso in 1962. I remember many kitchen utensils and fragile stuff was packed in shredded paper, called excelsior, and, even in some cases, in wooden shavings, within large boxes. It was all so exciting to me.

The house was at the edge of the family housing section for field grade officers. To the west was raw land, formerly belonging to the Cox Family, an old ranching family well established in southern New Mexico. The Cox’s, as I understand now, basically had most of their extensive ranch land virtually confiscated by the U.S. Army at the beginning of WW II. The Cox’s owned most of the land on the west side of the Tularosa Basin (the valley between the Organ Mountains and the Sacramento Mountains, to the east). The Lea Family owned much of the land on the east side of the Tularosa Basin. For decades thereafter, the Cox’s feuded with the U.S. government over rights. Dad had some dealings with the Cox family, and we generally didn’t mention the Cox name at home.

I was fascinated with the desert, particularly with the small dunes and the millions (I thought) of snake holes. There was some new residential housing construction going up just west of the house, and a friend of mine and I used to buy rolls and rolls of pistol caps, use them as fuses, and light them in snake holes-seeing what we might blow out. I ran out of money to buy the caps, and Madame figured out, probably pretty quickly, where I got extra spending money-her change purse. I fessed up, and had to do extra chores and not have an allowance for a while. I think it was 5 or 6 dollars. I learned-crime does not pay.

Just about every Saturday, we would go to Las Cruces or El Paso. Las Cruces was small, primitive; the main drag downtown wasn’t even paved in places. We basically quit going to Las Cruces, going to El Paso exclusively. In those days, stores weren’t open on Sundays. Perishable foods were old and of very poor quality at the commissary at white sands, so we got most dairy items and produce at the civilian grocery stores, I think, usually the Safeway. There was a Safeway in a strip center on the northeast side of El Paso, and it was always our last stop before heading back on the war road to White Sands.

After a month or so of this blowing caps everywhere, I believe my parents figured out I needed additional diversions. So, one Saturday, they bought Merry and me new Sears’s bicycles. I had a red one, with a tank, and Merry had a girl’s bike, blue. I had never ridden before, and I was NOT going to learn with training wheels. So, Dad put me on the bike; it was like saddling up to a giant horse for me. It didn’t have a kick stand. He pushed me on my way, and I sort of kind of pedaled and steered, until I fell off, and skinned the shit out of my legs, arms, and hands, for a couple of weeks. Then, I was ready to solo. Everything was fine, riding on those enormously wide streets at WSPG, until a HUGE (I thought) black dog started chasing me. I panicked, the dog nipped me, scratched me, and I fell off the bike, bleeding from enormous gashes in all my organs from the viscous dog, or so I thought. I’ve been scared of dogs chasing me on bikes ever since.

Deserts and bikes don’t mix. There are goat heads, part of some desert plant, that seem to be attracted to bike tires. I would spend hours picking those things out of the tires, then my clothes, and then my body. I had a flat every day it seemed. Since I didn’t have a kickstand, I would plop the bike down, and sand also seemed to be attracted to every piece of the bike. Dad was very patient and fixed the tires and tubes. He got a kickstand and put it on. But, there was another unexpected desert attribute: strong, relentless spring desert winds, which, coupled with the sand, did sandblasting damage to the bike. Also, the wind would knock the bike off the kickstand, into the sand. I quickly learned to bike to school and would bike home for a quick lunch. There were lots of opportunities for the WSPG desert to slowly destroy a bike. So, Dad made a wooden bike stand for two bikes, painted it white, and he solved the problem of the bikes falling down during each windstorm. Dad got tired of fixing the tubes, and got heavy-duty tires and tubes. Those didn’t stand up much better, and he then got tube fixer, to put in the new tubes, before you pumped them up. He eventually showed me how to change bike wheels and fix tires, and he retired from the bike business at that point.

In April, we moved to our permanent housing on Aerobee Street. It was “Colonel’s row,”, so the house, still stucco, was a little larger and there were some fairly good-sized pecan trees. There was a detached one-car garage. It was a little further to school and the central part of the base then the F street house, but it was fine.

I believe that my Dad’s mother came down from California somehow, probably from Denver. For whatever reason, after school one day, we all got in the Buick and drove up to Truth or Consequences, a little town near the Rio Grande, maybe 80 miles north of Las Cruces. Truth or Consequences had a neat old history. It was formerly called Hot Springs, and people came I think in the 1900’s and 1910’s for “the treatment.” The springs dried up, and the town with it. There was a radio show called Truth or Consequences, and the gimmick was that if a town changed their name to “Truth or Consequences” for a certain amount of time, that town would get all kinds of goodies. Well, Hot Springs, New Mexico went for it-and kept the name.

T & C was a miserable little town-kind of dusty, I think. There was a little train station, and that was where we met Grandma Willis. She stayed with us at Aerobee for a few days, then Madame and Dad took her over to Alamogordo, where she caught the train back to wherever she was from. At that time there was tension with Grandma Willis, and I never understood it. I don’t remember her ever visiting any other time. I don’t believe any contact was made with her after that or with the family. I believe she died a couple of years later. Dad never talked about his family, or his many brothers, his sister, or anything else related. I don’t even remember seeing any photos or old movies of any of them. Merry and I concluded early on that there must have been some falling out or separation way back.

WSPG was a great place for a kid in the 1950’s. We were very isolated, in our own little world, far removed from whatever was going on in the rest of the world. In the summer time, we had the officer’s club swimming pool to go to. Merry and Carole and I would bike down to it, every weekday except Monday (cleaning day?). First, I would watch them play tennis until it got too hot, then we would all spend the rest of the day at the swimming pool. During my first summer, I didn’t know how to swim. There was a raised platform, I believe it was supported by treated wood, in the pool. Around the platform was a wooden railing; I believe the water was perhaps 6 inches deep. The ultimate baby’s pool! I first went in there. Then it dawned on me that this wasn’t for me, and I learned to kick, and then dog paddle, then crawl in the pool. There was a tall diving board with two levels; I believe the top one was probably a 10 meter board. I remember jumping off that top board a couple of times in a rare moment of dare-deviling.

In the wintertime, there were fewer diversions, particularly during the snowstorms. In the spring, and in late summer, there would be enormous sandstorms, which lasted hours and sometimes more than a day. Sand would get into everything. We had a small library, where I learned to check out books. The library was in a small Quonset hut. One time I biked down there and a sandstorm came up. I couldn’t bike to get home, but managed to walk home with sand in every orifice. I was panicked that the wind had blown my bicycle to Mexico! Dad later rescued it.

During one or two winters, I did things at the craft center, a hobby center mainly for enlisted personnel, but officers kids (especially Colonel’s kids!) could use some of the facilities. I did some pottery, hand-painting it blue, then trying to fire it in an oven. It didn’t work, or I lost interest, so I did some soldering of circuit boards. We had bits of pieces of circuit boards, diodes, and capacitors. This was pre-transistor stuff. All the pieces came from spent rocket circuitry. We assembled them, tested them, then put them in the junk pile. That got old also. The last craft I did was to make model airplanes out of balsa wood. We got junk balsa wood, hand carved it, assembled it, and hoped it would glide. The soldiers did the same thing, but they got to put motors on their models.

The big hot spot on the base was the Dairy King (not Dairy Queen). It was a hamburger joint, not a drive in. The ice cream wasn’t great, and whenever we went to El Paso or Las Cruces, we would stop at the Dairy Queen or the Tastee Freeze. By 1958 or 1959, when we went to downtown El Paso, Dad and I would go to the Kresge’s dime store and get a root beer float. There were 3 dime stores in downtown El Paso and two big department stores, the White House and the Popular Dry Goods Company. The department stores were small local chains, and they are all gone none. The “girls” would go one way, and us “boys” would go to the dime stores, or occasionally to other stores. There was some sort of discount appliance place, sort of like a warehouse store, I think, where Dad bought his electric Smith Corona typewriter. Sometimes I’d buy some Reeds “life savers” at the dime store. I was always intrigued by the stuff at the checkout counter. Occasionally I would buy a plastic model kit and/or some model paint/glue. Yes, I sniffed the glue a couple of times-but didn’t really like the smell of it. I tasted it once, and it kind of burned my tongue.

Then, we would all meet at the department store, usually the White House. Once in a while, I would get to buy a Hardy Boys book at the White House. Merry would read the Nancy Drew series of books, and she would occasionally get one there also.

Speaking of books, my taste in books at the very small post library were kid’s non-fiction. At some point I learned about Tom Swift, Jr. Books, which were at about the same reading difficulty as the Hardy Boys books. Tom Swift, Jr. were more science-related. Late at WSMR or early on at Fort Myer, I obtained some of Bob’s original Tom Swift books-which were along the same genre but really quaint. I never had a late or misplaced book. There was a small school library, but I never really checked out anything in school libraries.

Dad was Staff Engineer during his entire stay. This was a very senior position, and involved supervising construction of rocket testing facilities as well as assembly places and auxiliary items; it also included supervising construction of new housing, etc. Later on, in 1958 and 1959, he traveled a great deal by military and civilian planes. Sometimes he would fly on a one-engine Piper, owned by a local senior officer, out of the small airfield at WSPG to Biggs Air Field, by El Paso. From there he would fly to Washington D.C. and also to southern Florida. In southern Florida, he would go to various sites in the Caribbean, later associated with Cape Canaveral. I used to ask him what he did down in the Caribbean, and he told me he couldn’t say. He collected the postcards distributed by the various airlines in those days and gave them to me when he returned; he was typically gone for a week or more at a time. His office was on the second floor of the Base Headquarters, one of the few (at that time) two story brick buildings on the base. I was in it only a couple of times. I remember it smelled faintly of cigarette smoke. Most of the base was strictly off-limits to civilians.

Once I had graduated past riding in the main part of the base and the residential areas, Merry and I would explore further out. Merry and I would bike due south of the Aerobee house, where new residential construction was going up, and past the small airfield. At the base of the Organ Mountains, we would park our bikes and wander up the hiking trail in the canyon. A ways up there was an abandoned gold mine, and further up, another one. They, in retrospect, were extremely dangerous. We went to the upper gold mine a couple of times. Apparently, the last time we did it, the Military Police (MP’s) found out about it and notified Dad. Was he pissed! I think we were grounded for a while and never went back up there. Further north and west of that location, really due west of the Wherry housing area, high up in the Organ Mountains, there was something shiny and reflective that would reflect when the sun was just right. I remember that sight for years. Dad told us that some scouts had hiked up there a few years back and had left some camping gear, probably mirrors and maybe utensils, which reflected. Then, in 2001, I contacted the White Sands Missile Range Old-Timers site and was told it was the wreckage of a plane crash; that three planes in all had crashed into the Organ Mountains.

Carole was a lost soul at WSPG. She was at the age where she needed to be somewhere for a while to make friends, and she was miserable at Las Cruces High. When she graduated, she was beside herself with boredom; there was nobody there of her age and interests. I remember her talking on the U.S.-army owned telephone in the house, with the adjacent doors closed-talking and talking; probably to other girls, commiserating about her terrible life. And then, Madame would “encourage” her to get off the phone. To Merry and me, the telephone was always something used only for emergencies and receiving bad news-way into the 1990’s. I believe that Dad probably arranged for Carole to get a civil service job as a low-grade clerk at WSPG. In shear boredom and frustration, Carole would wander off and bike off to distant places, including “C Station”-a really restricted launching site. Carole got caught down there by the MP’s one time, and escorted back, with stern warnings.

It was then decided (Madame?) that Carole needed some additional seasoning, so she was sent to Switzerland, for “finishing school.” She wanted to be an interpreter, I believe. I remember she was sent off with a year’s supply of clothes, wearing layers and layers of stuff she couldn’t pack. I remember it was a big deal. We watched her take off in a giant (it seemed) DC-6 or Constellation. Apparently, something happened. I remember my parents having closed door, whispered conversations that Merry and I weren’t privy to. Then, Carole came home. She was pretty quickly shipped off to Denver University in Denver in the fall of 1958. Years later, in 2001, after Madame’s death, Carole and Merry and I were talking about old times, and I learned the story of how Carole escaped the Catholic boarding school in Switzerland, got to Italy with a girl friend, fell in love with a “European Prince” (figuratively), and was eventually picked up by the Catholic sisters in southern Germany, taken back to the Interlaken area, and quickly shipped back to the U.S.A. But, I’ll leave all the details to Carole. It was one of those fascinating stories you only hear about much, much later.

There was one other set of whispered conversations that Merry and I weren’t privy too, but that it involved Bob. Bob was of course Winslow Robert Willis, my brother, 12 years younger than I was. I last I had heard of him was when we returned from Bordeaux and stopped in the Daytona Beach area. Mother and Dad saw him, I think. Merry probably baby-sitted with me to make sure I did my school work. But there were some sort of troubled conversations about him at while we were at WSPG. Many years later, in the late 90’s, Merry and I asked Madame about it. Madame told us that Dad had been contacted by an army Chaplain at WSMR, and was told that Bob wanted to get married to a Catholic and, of course, was going to have to convert to Catholicism. Of course this was anathema to Dad and Madame, and they refused. The army chaplain at least raised his eyebrows about Dad’s response and, reading between the lines, some sort of record of Dad’s response was inserted into Dad’s personnel file. I always felt that something happened late at WSMR to Dad’s career, and that that entry may have been the deciding factor in Dad not being promoted to Brigadier General. Dad went to some advanced Engineering Command school at Fort Belvoir while we were at WSMR, as if he was being groomed for bigger things.

I vaguely remember when Dad received the Army Commendation Medal at WSMR. It was apparently a big event and many photos were taken. Occasionally, General Maderis would come to the base to get an update, particularly after Sputnik. Dad would be stressed out during those visits. In the post-Sputnik area, WSMR was considered a very major and important army installation and the commanding officer was a major general, General Laidlaw. The No. 2 person was the chief of staff, a colonel. Dad was one of the senior officers, on Laidlaw’s staff. There was also a Chief Scientist, a very Jewish German named Dr. Titelbaum.

One time Dad invited several visiting generals, including Lieutenant General Emerson Itschner, Chief of Engineers, to the house for lunch. I don’t know what Madame fixed for them. I don’t think I even knew they were coming (it wasn’t my business). I had come home for lunch before them, had lunch, then went to the bathroom to do my thing. I never could use the school bathrooms! I vividly remember somebody knocking loudly and abruptly on the bathroom door, and I hollered “Don’t come in-I’m in here!.” In a minute I had finished my interrupted thing, and I was shocked to see this man with all the stars (6 of them) on his uniform. I was introduced to him as Lieutenant General so-and-so, Chief of Engineers. It was my first introduction to a general and I was suitably impressed and awed. For years I sought and loved to meet Important Officers.

I become acquainted with one of the great American institutions, the fad. The first one was the sack dress, which all the teen girls had to have right now. I remember Merry had one, and it was horrible. During one of my early school years, the thing to do was to either make or wear stick pins. The stickpins were made of straight pins and were decorated with flexible colored plastic strips, maybe 1/8 inch thick and 1/2 inch long. The two ends of plastic strips were inserted into the top and middle of the straight pin. Between the two strips, you inserted all sorts of tiny, colored plastic balls and other things with holes in them. Then, you put them on the stitches of your omnipresent baseball cap bill. Students were either builders or wearers. I was a builder, and we would compete with each other to see who could make the gaudiest pin decoration. The few folks at the top of the pyramid were the wholesalers who sold you the stuff to make the pins.

I think the prices of the completed pins went from 1 or 2 cents to maybe 18 or 25 cents for the most elaborate designs. Then, suddenly, the fad was gone.

Academically, my school years at White Sands were pretty uneventful. I remember we had one field trip to White Sands National Monument, where it was terribly hot, and I got really sunburned. Otherwise, there were absolutely no field trips for us. At the school, we knew that all the students rotated out every 3 years or less, but that it was possible for a friend at a previous army posting might show up at one of your postings. Indeed, that happened with two twins, Ted (forgot the other name) McWhorter.

I believe I always biked home from school for lunch; it was maybe a 5-8 minute ride. Madame would have lunch ready for me. Invariably, it was monotonous: a salad with lettuce, a dollop of cottage cheese, and a prune or fruit cocktail on it, and a couple of pieces of sliced bananas. Madame was obsessed with bananas-she ate one every day of her life I think, up until she died. I always liked them, but by the time I was 40 or so, they gave me diarrhea. And of course, now I can’t eat them because they have far too much potassium. I would have a sandwich-peanut butter and cheese, or lunch meat or cheese, a few chips, and a glass of milk. In cold weather I would have a bowl of Campbells’s soup. I had graduated away from the nasty dagwood sandwiches that I created in France, and away from the Tomato soup and crackers, usually.

If dinner wasn’t a chicken pot pie, it was invariably sliced roast beef and German fried potatoes, or Spaghetti with a really strange tomato-based sauce containing green peas! We never had lentils. We had lots of corn-quite a bit of corn on the cob. Dad could really go through that corn like a seasoned corn husker! We sometimes had a baked ham, with cloves and a sauce on it. One of the worst items was a salad that contained sliced apples (fine), but bananas, oranges, prunes, marshmallows, pineapples, and nuts! Ugh! Breakfast on cold days was creme of wheat with raisins, or various cereals. And-the usual prune! When Tang came out, we had lots of that. On weekends, we would have bacon and eggs sometimes. Dad would make pancakes, usually buckwheat ones on special Sundays. Even more rarely, he would make square waffles with an ancient waffle iron. Occasionally Madame would make biscuits from the kit-probably Pillsbury-with an added twist-she would put pecans and karo syrup on top of it. They were incredibly sticky and clung to your teeth forever. We had quite a few cakes and some really dried up brownies with nuts in them. The one dessert I really liked was something called Peach Kuchen-must have been a German or Dutch item. It was a peach pie with some kind of graham cracker crust and brown sugar on it-we would have it maybe once a year. I remember it was broken and he got it fixed somewhere in El Paso. In season, we would have grape fruits sometimes and freshly squeezed orange juice. One of my little jobs was to either cut or squeeze the oranges. Milk was almost always the powdered variety, since milk soured very quickly at WSPG. I think it wasn’t refrigerated in transit like it should have been. I think I got most of my diary items from cottage cheese, and the remainder from cheddar cheese and ice cream. Merry and particularly Carole, I think from the Switzerland days, were big cheese fans. We always had ice cream-and sometimes ice cream treats around. The one baking thing I would help with was to mash a fork in two different directions on crunchy peanut butter cookies. Those always seemed to be around.

Christmas was never a big time for gifts. Birthdays were the Big Event. I would get the good stuff for birthdays. I always had a round double layer cake-I was always asked what flavor; I usually said (I think) chocolate frosting on lemon or white cake. The cake would be served on the round music box/cake stand that Madame got while we were in Switzerland one time. It played Happy Birthday and was dark brown, with typical Swiss floral decorations painted on it. I loved that music box. Carole got it when I was in college, I think. I believe I occasionally got a few dollars from Grandma Bagley for my birthday, and occasionally some from my parents. I didn’t see that money, but it always went into two different savings accounts-one in Phoenix at Arizona Savings and Loan, and one at El Paso Savings and Loan. I think Dad had some idea of possibly retiring in Phoenix, and he put quite a bit of savings in that bank. In the late 50’s or early 60’s, the bank failed and went into receivership. Eventually, perhaps after 10 years or so, he got back all that he had paid in, plus a tiny bit more. The failure of several savings and loans left an impact on me to this day-to make sure you don’t keep all your eggs in one basket and diversify, diversify, diversify. I cashed in both accounts after I bought the Moorhead Drive house, sometime in the mid-70’s.

Later on at WSMR, Merry made me a cake one spring or summer day. She was trying to be exotic and made it with deep blue frosting-I think the white cake mix was also dyed a deep, putrid blue. It tasted ok-but it was really ghastly looking.

For many years, I kept a list of all my major classmates, then kept it in a diary I had at A & M when I was a freshman. I started it when I was in France. At A & M, in that terrible January 1965, somebody got it and destroyed it. A part of my past was lost. I never again kept such a list. I remember my two best friends at WSPG were Wayne Erickson and Alex Gordon. We weren’t allowed to consort with enlisted families’ kids. Alex Gordon left in early spring, 1959 and I really missed him. His dad, I believe he was a major or light colonel, was transferred to Jefferson City, Missouri, and Alex sent me several postcards; and that was it. For several years before that, we had a little unofficial club, eventually called the Universal World, a futuristic sci-fi environment, and that was my major social axis. On Saturdays, we always went out of town, either to El Paso, the Sacramento Mountains, or (rarely) Las Cruces. Interestingly, we never went to Juarez, Mexico. Sundays were reserved for getting up late, having a big breakfast, and going to church. Sunday afternoons, we were mostly on our own. We didn’t have a dog at White Sands; that probably upset Carole a great deal also. She always had a dog or two. I think White Sands was rough on dogs with all the snakes and larger critters; I’m sure there were coyotes and other creatures. One time Alex thought it would be good if I had a pet, so he arranged for me to raise some tadpoles into guppies. He gave me a jar with some water in it. I put it in the garage on a back shelf and promptly forgot about it. A few weeks later, I think, I remembered it, and looked for my friends, who were by then floating in a nasty, smelly, dark, syrupy morass. That was my last attempt at raising a pet.

When the wind and the sand were not blowing around, White Sands was beautiful. The skies were forever deep blue and the stars were close at hand. Sunrises were great and the sunsets were awesome. I started borrowing Dad’s binoculars and Merry and I would spend hours outside in the summer, looking at the stars and (later) looking for satellites. I became a bit interested in astronomy, and when we went to California, I talked my parents into going to Wilson Observatory, outside Pasadena, and Palomar Observatory, just north of San Diego. I was absolutely fascinated by those large telescopes. I never had a telescope of my own. I then decided I wanted a camera, and I didn’t want to wait until my birthday or Christmas to get one. I saved up some coupons from a notebook paper supplier (Nifty brand), got a hold of a coupon catalogue, and scrumptiously ordered a REAL camera, for coupons and, I think, a buck. That was when my weekly allowance was 35-50 cents. It came to me the same Saturday afternoon Merry and I got busted for going to the forbidden gold mine. My parents thought I wasted my money, but I loved that cheap pos. I took some black and white photos of Alex, and Merry, which I still have .

Some Saturdays, we didn’t go to El Paso for whatever reason. Then, I got to go, about 10 AM, to the Saturday matinees at the base theatre. The theatre was huge (I thought), and the back two rows had white cloth covers on the seat backs. These seats were reserved for officers and their children. That, of course, was where we sat when we went to movies as a family, which was pretty often. But on matinees, I got to sit wherever I wanted-the closer to the screen, the better. The matinees were 15 cents, 25 cents when I was 12. Hours of cheap entertainment, mostly cartoons, three stooges, and the like. There were also some old black and white serials, which I think might have lasted 12-20 minutes each. I think, we used to go to the movies every Monday and Thursday, when the movies changed. At the matinees, I would load up on junk candy. On Monday and Thursday nights, we always got unbuttered popcorn.

It was WSPG that I became aware of myself in some ways. I learned that I was physically awkward. I wanted so badly to play baseball. Dad got me on a little league team with some difficulty, called the hawks (I think he pulled rank). We wore wool uniforms, which were unbearable in the summer heat. I was put way out in an insignificant place in outfield since I couldn’t catch a ball. I also couldn’t hit a ball, and was called the strikeout king by the opposing team players, in most instances. I was mortified. The team didn’t do that great, collectively. I remember once, late in the season (probably early August!) where I actually hit the ball, and everybody was collectively shocked. I almost made it to first base; I couldn’t run either. I was, politely referred to as husky or stocky. I remember we had a season finale banquet, which was something I’d never participated in before-with a whole bunch of boys (some of enlisted parents!), grabbing for as many hotdogs and potato chips and sodas as they could have.

It never dawned on to me that my problem was caused by my eyesight. My eyes got progressively worse. I euphemistically had “weak eyes” and had to sit in the front of each class . years later, I realized I couldn’t play baseball because I couldn’t see the ball. I had received a basketball and a hoop at the Christmas Party on the S.S. America, and I don’t believe it ever used it once. During the spring and summer before I played little league, dad would take me out near the house and we would pitch and throw. I loved it. Then I graduated to attempting to catch fly balls. One was too high, and I couldn’t see it coming down. It landed right above one of my eyebrows. Dad took me to the emergency room of the base clinic, then did a couple of stitches, but I never wanted to catch fly balls again.

I believe that after that disastrous baseball season, I retreated into my inner self. While Madame gave her piano lessons, I played with plastic models, blocks, and stuff. I had two kinds of blocks-wooden and a pre-Lego plastic block set which I think were pretty valuable in those days. I still have the plastic blocks, at least most of them. I augmented those toys with electrical box knock-outs, which I got while “inspecting” the new housing construction just south of the house with Dad. That was my early version of quality time. Dad, probably for a transition time from work and to stay away from Madame, probably thought of it first-we would take a 30-45 minute walk every evening in the summertime to look at the changes on the housing. I was intrigued-from the moving of sand, to the assembly of wooden foundation structures, to the pouring of concrete, laying of lines and assembly of wooden frame-all through until the house was finished. One house, really deluxe, was the new Commanding General’s residence. I used to collect the 22-caliber shell casings that somehow were used; I think to shoot in nails. Once in a while one of the shell casings would not be empty, and I would husband those casings separately. But the thing which really intrigued me were the electrical panels, particularly the main junction boxes, which were finished in some kind of coated metal. I used to collect the knockouts of the various electrical panels and really treasured the ones from the main junction boxes. Alas, they all “disappeared” along with my wooden blocks when we left for Fort Myer.

I became vaguely aware of girls. My first beau was Penny Steiner, a girl with a brown ponytail. I don’t think she ever regarded me as her beaux. I actually had a fistfight with another boy, my age; I think he was the son of an enlisted family, so he didn’t count, of course. We traded punches in the stomach and I think we both were mentally more hurt than physically damaged; and we broke it up. In the fall of 1958, I took ballroom and square dancing, to improve my social skills. The dances were typical-I spent most of my time trying to distance myself from any females. But, eventually, I summed up enough courage to ask a girl to go to one of the dances. She lived right down the street; she was a light colonel’s daughter, so she was socially acceptable. I forgot her first name; her last name was Barnes. She had a brother, I think he was a bit older, named Tim. I do remember she was really homely. I remember the real class I displayed in asking her out, a few days before the dance: did she have a date? No. Was she planning to go to the dance? Yes, probably. Did she want to go with me? OK, not convincingly. I remember Madame or Merry getting a corsage for her; I didn’t have the pizzazz or skills to put it on her dress. I was really dressed well-I had my fabulously expensive and good-looking dazzlingly white sport coat. I believe her parents drove us to the school auditorium, where the dance was held, and my dad drove us home. No kissing or terrible stuff like that.

Sometime in my last year at WSPG, either in the fall of 1958 or the spring of 1959, the school nurse summoned me. I had seen her several times before, because of my “weak eyes.” Earlier in the school year, I had a programmed physical examination-hearing, eyes, review of shots, etc. The nurse said she wanted me to see a speech therapist/counselor, who occasionally came over from the Las Cruces School District offices. The therapist called me out from a class, into the hall, and asked me to talk, listened to me carefully, then asked me to groove my tongue. I couldn’t. It was then that I learned that I had a speech impediment, a lisp. Nobody had ever said anything about it. For the rest of the school year, and for the next year at Kenmore Junior High in Arlington, I got to do speech exercises. I never could groove my tongue. Somewhere, at some time, the lisp disappeared. But, for several years thereafter from that awareness, I spoke very little.

At White Sands I learned to play the piano. I was fascinated with Madame’s Everett. It was a baby grand, with a mahogany finish. It had real ivory keys, of which some had worn quite a bit. I believe that as soon as we moved to Aerobee, Mother started having piano lessons, and had students over ever school afternoon except Fridays. She had a couple of adult students, who would come over a couple of nights a week. She staged the lessons so that when I came home from school, the lessons would start, and often would go to perhaps 6 or 6:30. During that time Merry and I were banned to our bedrooms. Ever since France, I always had my own bedroom. We were ordered to be very quiet. I would play with my blocks and my plastic war ships and planes, which I had started building from Revell kits, probably beginning in 1956. I still had this fascination with small fires, and would light very tiny fires in some of my plastic (never wooden blocks) warships. Unfortunately, the tiny fires had a habit of smoldering, melting some of the plastic, and giving off a stench. I don’t remember at what time Dad would get home. Often, Merry and I would have Swanson Chicken Pot Pies. We thought these were something really special and wonderful!

Madame, at one time, probably had 35 students. She had several piano recitals on Saturdays; I believe these were always in the spring. They were big deals. I think Merry had to type out many program lists for one of those recitals. There was a big discussion on what I should wear to one of the recitals, and my parents decided I would be coolest and most debonair in a very light (almost bright white) cream wool sport coat. They paid quite a bit for it at Dunlop’s, a department store in Las Cruces (and also El Paso). I was very proud of that coat, and actually wore it on special occasions for 2 years.

I tried very hard to compete with Merry on the piano; but she was so much better than I was. She was so sophisticated. I remember there was an announcement in the newspaper about Carole going to finishing school in Switzerland. A photo attached showed her in a flowing 1950’s dress by the Everett. Or, was that Merry in the dress?

Classic bad moment: At the last Spring Recital, which would have been 1959, I was scheduled to play some piece and toward the middle, I froze and forgot. I didn’t panic, but very calmly, in front of the “thousands” of students and proud parents, turned and said, “what shall I do now, Mother?” I forgot her answer, but I regrouped, started where I left off, and finished the piece. I’m not sure of the name of the piece, but I think it was “The Caliph of Baghdad.”

I always thought that Madame enjoyed teaching piano music, but, more importantly, it gave her a chance to earn some bucks all to herself. In 2000, looking at the various tax records, I noticed that she meticulously (or Dad?) documented her earnings-and took lots of business deductions. She made a fair amount of money with the teaching. By 1958, she was able to buy a new Steinway grand. She bought it at the El Paso Music Company, which was the exclusive (of course) dealer for Steinways in El Paso and the surrounding area. I wasn’t invited to be in on the evaluation and transaction. I remember it was delivered in August, and there was a terrific thunderstorm just before the company delivered the piano. I don’t remember what happened to the Everett. The Steinway was beautiful and wonderful, and it silently encouraged me to play and play! But, progress was very, very slow for me for years to come. Merry, though she probably didn’t know it, also encouraged me, as I silently competed with her. I remember one time, fairly early on, when she played the piano with the Las Cruces High School Band, probably in a Spring Concert. She played “Pictures of an Exhibition”, and I was entranced!

In the summer of 1956, Dad was doing something to the Buick and managed to catch his thumb in the driver’s seat door. I believe he lost his fingernail for some time. Whatever, it was the last straw. A couple of weeks later, we went looking at new Cadillac's, both in Las Cruces and El Paso. He quickly bought a blue (of course!) sedan de ville. It was unbelievably luxurious and had wonderful air-conditioning. The air-conditioner, I believe, might have been in the trunk, and there were flexible glass tubes on each side of the back of the rear seat. There were separate air-conditioning vents above each rear side window. It had power windows, and was huge to me. I remember kids at school were amazed at that car; it was the only one on base. For years, I don’t remember anyone else having a car with cool, cool air-conditioning! My parents always had Cadillacs after that.

I remember that after the great blizzard of early 1956, it was very, very dry. I remember that Christmas, we all went to Florida in the great New Cadillac. We took the road to Carlsbad, passed through West Texas, and drove on the new Texas Turnpike between Fort Worth and Dallas. It was so terribly bone dry and ugly, riding through southern New Mexico and West Texas. I remember we by-passed New Orleans and rode on some red-dirt main roads in Louisiana and Mississippi. I believe our destination was St. Petersburg, Florida, where Dad was checking up on his rent house. He never had good luck with that venture.

It had been dry all year in New Mexico, also. There was a large, long-lasting forest fire in the Sacramento Mountains, east of Alamogordo. The fire was covering large tracts in spots around Cloudcroft and Ruidoso. I remember seeing the smoke all the way to the house, which was probably 90 air miles away. The troops from White Sands Proving Ground were dispatched (or volunteered!) to help fight the fires and Dad had to go up there occasionally to check up on some things. The fires, of course, were eventually put out. I remember seeing the miles and miles of scarred land, for several decades afterwards; even into the 90’s.

Later during the Summer of 1956, it was so hot at White Sands that on certain Saturday mornings, we would go up to Cloudcroft. There was an artesian spring on the highway up there, and we would fill up our Scotch (plaid, not whiskey) Coleman cooler. Then, Madame or someone would make Cherry cool-aid, and we would sip it up there in the mountains. It was like a different world-much cooler, trees, very placid. Merry and I (and probably Carole, earlier on), would hike, mainly in an area just south of Cloudcroft. Then, we would regroup and cook hot-dogs and marshmallows at the campsite. I learned to whittle sticks there. We would delay as long as possible before heading back down to the hot desert. Those were long, great days! We also discovered Ruidoso, which was a bit further and more developed. There was a city park on the main drag at Ruidoso. The park had a municipal swimming pool and picnic sites. Hiking wasn’t quite as rustic in Ruidoso. I remember we would hike (and splash around at the pool sometimes) until we were famished. Then, we’d have the requisite hot dogs. Often in the afternoon, a rainstorm would come up. One time, it rained when we just finished up the dogs, got back in the car-and we all fell asleep! Us kids didn’t mind the heat, but Madame apparently really suffered from it.

Christmas, 1956, was the last year we went to Florida for a number of years. We would have a little Christmas Tree at the house before we left for our big annual vacation trip. We used to drive over to Phoenix. Dad thought about retiring in Phoenix; I don’t think Madame was too keen on it. I remember we would go over there and stay at a big motel on Central Avenue, just west of downtown Phoenix. The kids would have one room to themselves and it was great! We had a swimming pool with diving/jumping board, a TV, and cubed ice. The TV’s were black and white, and sometimes you had to pay a quarter an hour to watch them. Merry and I would have pillow fights and sometimes stay up, very late, watching TV. We never had TV at the house, so this was our chance to watch the westerns, etc. I think my favorite show was Sergeant Bilko and No Time for Sergeants. Once in a while, we would stay up long enough, to midnight-and watch the TV station sign off. The station would announce they were going off the air, the national anthem was played with the flag in the background, and then the TV station signal logo would come on. It was kind of like a modified Greek cross. I remember once in a while, like on the last day before we went home, we would forget to turn off the TV (if it was a deluxe non-quarter unit!). We would have to get up real early those mornings, and I remember sometimes we would see that stupid cross on the TV first thing!

In Phoenix, Merry and Madame did their own thing-which was probably shopping. Dad and I would do things together for the first time, such as going to travel trailer shows. One time we all went to some kind of home show in an exclusive neighborhood-probably the Camelback Mountain area. This area was pretty new then. I remember the houses were all decorated, and one of them, the top-of the line, apparently, even had a swimming pool. I was amazed! I think that house went for the enormous amount of 25,500 dollars. I thought, I wonder if I could have, in my wildest dreams, such a place...

Arizona was pretty rustic back then. I had a fascination with dams. The first dam I got to examine up close was Coolidge Dam, an old dam in southeast Arizona, built I think in the late teens or early 20’s. We went on all the standard tourist sites over there. One of the most adventurous was riding along the Apache Trail, by the Superstition Mountains. This was an old Indian trail and lead to a National Park (Tonto?) and another dam, Roosevelt Dam-I believe named for Teddy, not Franklin. That trail was a dirt road, one way, hanging onto the side of a cliff, overlooking (I thought) miles and miles straight down. I always sat on the right rear seat; Merry always sat of the left. I think that came from that event, where I got to look straight down. I was terrified. We never made it to the Grand Canyon or Las Vegas while we were at White Sands.

On the way into Phoenix, we always entered through Mesa and Tempe, just east of town. Mesa was full of orange and date groves, and we always stocked up on fresh oranges and dates when we got there, and sometimes as we were leaving. I would eat dates until I was sick. We used to get gas at a local chain called Blakley’s, which had a big rocket as a logo. When you got a certain amount of gallons of gas, you were entitled to one free blakley’s glass, which came in various sizes. I didn’t know it at the time, but the sizes included old-fashioned glasses, larger glasses, and highball glasses. The glasses were of thin frosted glass and each kind had a different cactus on it. The “name of the game” was to collect the complete set of glasses in each size. I loved those tall (highball) glasses; we used them for special before-bed drinks, such as root beer fizzies and ice cream floats. The glasses made it to Fort Myer, Fort Belvoir, and El Paso. After Madame died, I spied 3 lonely highball glasses left-I returned them to Houston.

Either once or twice we went to La Jolla, a resort area just north of San Diego, for Christmas. It was a wonderful, restful place. We always stayed at the La Jolla Shores, a two-story motel overlooking a bay that lead to the Pacific. It was a small place and had a small pool. In the evening, the fog would roll in from the Pacific, and Merry and I would be swimming in the cozy heated pool, sticking our head out into that cold, cold, fog. We didn’t want to get out of the pool, knowing it would be very chilly. We would wrap towels around and dash as fast as possible back to the rooms. La Jolla was a very deluxe place, even in those days. We discovered a spot called La Jolla Cove, a little set of coves right over the Pacific. We went to Balboa Park and Coronado Island, the big naval station in San Diego. We never went to Tijuana or Juarez while we were at White Sands.

Then there was our trip to Santa Fe, New Mexico, one fall. I was taking some art class in school, and somehow, maybe because of my Dad The Colonel, I was told, or led to understand, that one of my creations was a finalist at the school and was entered into the county art fair in Las Cruces. I remember the creation very clearly. It was a crayon drawing of a passenger ship, at night. For a number of months, I was fascinated by ships and sketched out mostly war ships and other ships on the seas. In this particular drawing, it was very dark at sea, with some stars and the moon glowing. Many of the ship lights and portholes were illuminated. I had crayoned the sea as a very dark Prussian or midnight blue and was very proud of my work. I remember we went to the county fair-my first experiences with cowboy stuff; it was like a different world to me; and I remember seeing my drawing. Then, things got confused. Somehow, I was lead to believe (or I wanted to believe) that my work had drawn a prize and was entered into the New Mexico State Fair, in Albuquerque. So, in a few weeks, we trekked up there. We didn’t see it up there and I got confused a bit. After returning to my school, I repeatedly asked my art teacher where my work was, and I eventually found out that it wasn’t entered at all at the State Fair. I was more scared of what my parents would think about it-convincing them that we just had to go to the State Fair, then being disappointed in not getting any awards. I never told them until after Dad passed away, and I told Madame on one of my visits to El Paso. I never entered any other works in any event...

**********

Of course the business at WSPG was rockets. I remember early on seeing in the brilliant blue sky the white trails of rockets. I would hear the distant boom of the launch, then maybe 20 or 30 seconds later you would see the white trails. Sometimes you would see several sets of trails, where on missile was launched to shoot down another. Rarely you would see a bright flash in the sky, then another, softer boom, where a missile had exploded for whatever reason. The missile

sites were maybe 10-15 miles away, towards the east and the middle of the Tularosa basin. Sometimes when we returned from Cloudcroft or Ruidoso on highway 70, we would be stopped by MP’s for 30-45 minutes, during a launch “window” when the missiles might over fly.

The rocket motors were tested on a massive fixed concrete platform called the static test site. There were several almost next to each other, by the base of the Organ Mountains, maybe 1-2 miles southeast of the Aerobee house. When they fired up the motors, particularly the later, larger ones, there would be a really loud window-shaking boom, followed by some smoke. Once in a while one of the rocket motors would blow up at the site-then it was really a window-shaker. I remember one event for years later and even wrote a short story about it at Kenmore Junior High in Arlington, Virginia. I remember the teacher returned it to me, skeptically asking me if it was a real or imagined event. I told her in no uncertain terms that it was very real. I received an A- on that story, I remember.

Me and my friends’ imaginations had to run a bit wild with the rocket stuff, of course; and several of us created a club of mostly boys, with several offshoots. We had one imaginary space club, which was supposedly based on Jupiter, for example. Wayne Erickson , Alex Gordon and I were the main leaders of the groups. I think Alex Gordon started the first group, which was called the United Worlds. I have notes that at one time, there were 42 kids in school associated with either the United Worlds or the United Universe. I had drawn some objects, including one of the fantasized United Universe Headquarters, complete with rocket launchers on the roof. I still have that drawing. Just before I left, I assigned all the United Universe “assets” (whatever they might have been) to Wayne Erickson. And, we had real tiffs involving the offshoots, which seemed serious at the time.

Of course we didn’t have a TV there. I don’t remember anyone having television there-probably reception was terrible. Sometime in 1956 or early 1957, I received a crystal radio kit, and I put it together. On good reception nights, I could pick up the Las Cruces AM (only band in those days) radio station. I think I also picked up some telemetry on it, though. We had the WSPG weekly newspaper and we had the El Paso Herald-Tribune, the evening paper, delivered. Receiving the evening paper was one of the delineations between blue color and white color workers; only laborers and sergeant's families read the morning paper, or so I was led to believe.

In the evening, after supper and after the piano lessons had stopped, we usually listened on the Philco radio/phonograph for the evening news. The Philco was a radio inside a “Danish” blond furniture set that Mom and Dad bought when we moved into Aerobee. It was probably the ultimate in furniture fashion, was very blond, and came with two matching end tables and a coffee table. That furniture survived until at least my days in Galveston.

On October 9, 1957, we heard on the Philco that the Russians had launched Sputnik, the world’s first artificial satellite. We were terrified that the Russians had beat us to it, since we had been working, with deliberate speed during the International Geophysical Year (1957 or 1958) to launch the first satellite using the Navy/Vanguard launching platform. I remember the big rush to speed up the launch of the Vanguard, and the very embarrassing fiasco of its launch, where it lifted literally 4 feet off the earth and crashed and burned at that point.

I remember that practically overnight, the atmosphere at WSPG changed. Even the base name was changed to WSMR, White Sands Missile Range, as if we didn’t have anything else to prove. School classes were slanted quickly to science and math. Many more scientists, engineers, construction workers, and all kinds of people were shipped to WSMR. There was an area near the base headquarters called the technical area, consisting of very tightly guarded and fenced off buildings. Dad said they were assembly plants and testing laboratories. The tech area was greatly enlarged. Brand new and very large launching pads, with very tall moving gantries were built. When we first reached WSPG, the rockets were Corporal and the larger Sergeant missiles, derived from the V-2. The Nike family of defensive weapons (such as the Nike Ajax and Hercules) were built. The navy had their Aerobees, and the army later developed their Hawk missile. But with Sputnik, the army, under Major General Maderis and his scientific counterpart, Dr. Werner von Braun, began to develop a new line of missiles that lead to Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles-the precursor to today’s Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM’s). This early line of larger missiles that could go higher were the Redstone and the Jupiter, the Jupiter-C, and eventually the Saturn.

Dad was involved at WSMR with the development of the Redstone. A large gantry, with a caged elevator on the side of the gantry, was one of the trademarks. I was utterly fascinated with that gantry, and somehow Dad got me on it. I was escorted into the caged elevator, and up we went. I recall that the elevator was pretty small-maybe held 4 people, and the cage was pretty open. It seemed that the elevator went to the heavens, and I was terrified. I remember that ride for years. Dad received several gorgeous photographs of the Redstone Gantry and had them in the Rainbow Circle house for years. I eventually ended up with them.

Life got a little more stressed at WSMR after Sputnik. Dad was gone more, and the base was much busier. I remember that a larger static test site was built, I guess for the Redstone family.

By 1959, Dad was going up to northern New Mexico and elsewhere to supervise the construction of missile target sites. One of the sites was nearby, about 1 mile north of highway 70, maybe 2-4 miles west of the entrance to the base. This particular site consisted of maybe 4 2-story wood and red brick houses, constructed in the American Colonial style. They were built in inside, but not finished-not painted, for example To me, they looked very oddly out of place in the middle of the desert. There was no landscaping or other things-just these four houses arranged around a mythical circle. Dad and I drove up there one weekend morning, and I was amazed that such a thing was built, just to test the effects of a missile blast. Dad didn’t really say anything. Dad did say, later, that the test was “successful.” He didn’t elaborate.

There were few parades or other typical army displays at WSMR. Armed Forces Day was a big deal, and there were distant missile firings for that. There was an old missile display near the base headquarters and the entrance to the headquarters area. I remember when we got to WSPG, there were only a few exhibits; as time progressed, there were many additions. I remember we used to see size comparisons of the U.S. versus Russian missiles, and we were terrified.

By 1959, it was apparent that Dad was not going to get promoted and would be retiring in 1962, when he had 30 years service in the army. It was traditional for regular, senior officers to get their choice of their last duty station, and Dad had wanted Washington. But something happened. He apparently thought that when he said Washington, as an Engineer, that meant he wanted and would get Fort Belvoir. Someone in army personnel thought he would want the cushiest position in Washington-and at that moment, it was Post Engineer for Fort Myer, the army show place fort. So, that’s where we were going. I was terribly excited to be going to the Washington D.C. area, with all the history there.

So the process of phasing out WSMR started. Alex Gordon, my best friend, left about a month earlier, moving to Missouri. I was beside myself; rationalizing that my stay was about to end. I turned over all my space club stuff to Wayne Erickson. Don’t know what happened to him. I got one letter and one set of post cards from Alex, from Jefferson, Missouri, and that was the last I ever heard from him or anyone else from WSMR.

Carole had enrolled in the University of Denver, Colorado, the previous September. We drove up to get her going in September 1958; it was my first trip to Colorado. Of course, Madame had long, deep roots in Colorado Springs; I remember we went to the Royal Gorge, Central City, Manitou Springs, and Denver. On our way to Fort Myer, we stopped by Denver and then headed to Arlington in April. We reached Arlington around the middle of April, and stayed in a 2-story apartment building, on civilian ground, in Arlington for few days, until we moved into the south post of Fort Myer on April 25, 1959. We had reached civilization!


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